- What is Computer?
- Configuration of Computer
- Configuration of Cabinet
- Definition of Computer
- Generation of Computer
- Use of Computer
- Device, Types
- Types of Computer on the Work
- Types of Computer
- Benefits of Computer
- Basic Function of PC
- Special Function of PC
- Memory
- Unit
- Data
1. What is Computer?
Computer words is divided two words
Computer
Comput + ER
2. Terminology of Computer
| C | Commonly |
| O | Operator |
| M | Machine |
| P | Particular |
| U | User |
| T | Trade |
| E | Education |
| R | Research |
3. Configuration of Cabinet
| CPU | Central Processing Unit |
| SMPS | Switch mode power supply |
| HDD | Hard disk Drive |
| RAM | Random Access Memory |
| ROM | Read Only Memory |
4. Definition of Computer
a. Computer is an electric device that exudes information in a program.
b. Computer in an electric device which accept data from user and give desise result on your output device.
c. Computer is an electric device which is arithmetically as well as logically traiminduse speed to do work.
d. Computer is a multimedia device or machine that fastly and even right in short time.
Practical – 1
| Que. How to open Computer? Ans. Press on Power Button. |
| Que. How to Shut Down? Ans. I. Click on start button — Shut Down – OK II. Alt + F4 (Select) Shut down – OK |
5. Generation of Computer
Computer are divided in this from of generation have been describe time wise time as well technology are used.
(a) First Generation of Computer (1945-1955) – In this first generation. It had been used vacuum tube to use technology which make computer passible to do calculate.
(b) Second generation of Computer (1955-1964) – In this generation of computer. It had been used transistor technology which make a little work is very fast.
(c) Third generation of Computer (1965-1975) – This third generation of Computer. It has been used IC. (IntegratedCircuit) which make computer comparative and resizable.
(d) Fourth Generation of Computer (1975-Now) – This generation where had been used micro processer technology for do work better this is most to portableanywhere as you want.
(e) Five generation of Computer (Present) – This generation of computer where are assion automatically intelligence the used AI where they will be used IQ to solve a problem.
Practical – 2
| Que1. How to change wallpaper? Ans. Right click on desktop Personalize Desktop background Select any wallpaper and save change. |
| Que2. How to create new folder? Ans. Right click on desktop New Folder Type Folder Name |
| Que3. How to change folder icon? Ans. Right click on folder Properties Customize Change Icon Select any Icon Ok Apply Ok |
| Que4. How to create without name folder? Ans. Right click on desktop New folder Alt + 255 |
| Que5. How to hide folder? Ans. Right click on without name folder Propertied Customize Change Icon Select blank icon OK Apply OK |
| Que6. How to change mouse Pointer? Ans. Right click on start button Control panel Mouse Pointer Browser Select any pointer Open Apply OK |
6. Device, Types
The object which is manufacture by human that work fastly and even right in short time is called device.
Example: Computer, Printer etc.
There are four types of device.
a. Input Device
b. Output Device
c. Input/output Device
d. Processing Device
a. Input Device: –
The Device in which we can feed the data is called input device.
Example: – Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Joystick etc.
b. Output Device: –
The Device in which we can gain the data is called output device.
Example: – Monitor, Printer, sound etc.
c. Input output Device: –
The Combination between input and output is called input output Device.
Example:- UPS (United power Supply) DigitalCamera etc.
d. Processing device: –
At the all work done by this is called processing device.
Example: – CPU etc.
7. Types of Computer on the Work
There are four Types of Computer on the work
a. Micro Computer
b. Mini Computer
c. Main frame Computer
d. Super Computer
a. Micro Computer: –
Micro computer are also could professional computer microcomputer allow single user at a time.
There are two types of micro computer
- Laptop
- Desktop, Phone, Tablets, Personally digital assistant
b. Mini Computer: –
Mini Computer and some were between micro computer and mainframe computer, Mini Computer is a multiuser computer system. They are used to control machine in a manufacturing unit. They have higher memory higher processing, higher storage capacity as compared micro Computer.
c. Main Frame Computer: –
Main frame computer can process several million program per second. It is organization really on those room size system to handle large program which lots data. They are mainly used to railway reservation system airline, banks, insurance company etc.
d. Super Computer: –
Super Computer are very fast in speed most expensive, largest in size great storage capacity super computer can process trillion program per second.
8. Use of computer
I. Word processing :-
Word processing software help as to create our document like that letter, memo, resume, banner etc. with the help of word processing we can solve spelling if mistake and change font size, font style.
II. Internet: –
You can connect one computer to another computer any where any time by the help of internet with the help of internet we can send message or email.
III. Hospital: –
You will see the contain record on computer the patent related patent disease.
IV. Tale Communication: –
In tale communication you will see mobile is the tele with the help of tele communication you can see our location, reserve, Railway ticket, Bus ticket, air ticket.
| Practical – 3 |
|---|
| Que1. How to see recent? Ans. Window + R (Type) Recent Ok |
| Que2. How to fast computer? Ans. Window + R (Type) % Temp % Ok |
| Que3. How to copy file? Ans. Right click on file Copy |
| Que4. How to cut file? Ans. Right Click on File Cut |
| Que5. How to paste file? Ans. Right Click on file Paste |
| Que6. How to Insert Keyboard on desktop? Ans. Win + R (Type) Osk OK |
| Que7. How to see system information? Ans. Win + R (Type) msinfo32 OK |
| Que8. How to see RAM processing in window? Ans. Win + R (Type) Dxdiag OK |
| Que9. How to uninstall program? Ans. Click on start button Control Panel Program and feature double click on program Right click on application Uninstall |
| Que10. How to install program? Ans. Double Click on Program Install Ok Next Install |
9. Types of Computer
There are three types of computer
- Analog computer
- Digital Computer
- Hybrid Computer
1. Analog Computer: –
In this types of computer its mood is changeable every time. It is not flow fix currant and value.
Example: – Analog multimeter.
2. Digital Computer: –
In this types of computer its mood does not changeable any time. It is flow fix currant and value.
Example: Digital multimeter.
3. Hybrid Computer:
The Combination between Analog and digital computer is hybrid computer.
Example: Super Computer
10. Benefits of Computer
There are many benefits of using a computer some of them given as under.
1. Accuracy: –
If the input of instruction give to a computer is correct there are is no scape for error in the task performed by computer.
2. Diligence: –
When human being do a job again and again they feed up with a monotonous job and to see their concentration, But Computer have absolutely diligence in working it can work tirelessly for hours. Together with the some speed and accuracy.
3. Veracity: –
Computer can perform multiple task of deferent nature at one and some time.
4. Storage: –
Computer have ability to storage large amount on data one can store hundred books on DVD which otherwise way one foam for storage.
5. Automation :-
A computer can automatically perform operation freeing the user during such operation.
6. No filling: –
Computer is an electronic machine. It has no filling. It detect of object to our filling.
| Practical – 4 |
|---|
| Que. How to take screen sort? Ans. Press Scrprint Button Win + R (Type) Pbrush Paste Crop File (Save) Type Name OK |
11 Basic function of PC
There are two types of basic function of PC
- Hardware
- Software
1. Hardware
All the equipment of computer is called hardware.
OR
The device which is we can touch and see is called hardware
Example: Mouse, Keyboard, Monitor etc.
There are two types of Hardware
- Card level
- Chip Level
1. Card level
इस यंत्र को खराब होने पर बदलकर ठीक किया जा सकता है।
2. Chip Level
इस यंत्र को सही करके पुनः ठीक किया जा सकता है।
2. Software
It is logically it handle all hardware device its function to direct connect trough the computer to user.
Example: Window 7, Window 10, MS office, C++, Java script Etc.
There are two types of Software
1. System Software
2. Application Software
1. System Software
It is also logically it is know how to handle all hardware device it is function to create. Environment install any application Software.
Example – Window 95, Window 98, Window 2000, window vista, window XP, Window 8, Window 10 etc.
There are two types of application software
a. Language software
b. Package software
a. Language software :-
It is create any package software.
Example – C++, Java, etc.
b. Package Software :-
It is specify special work but work is limit time.
Example – MS Office, PageMaker, Photoshop, Corel Draw etc.
12. Special Function of PC
Networking is the special function of PC
Que. What is Network?
Ans. Network is the network of network.
Or
With the help of network we can share the data one PC to another PC any where any time by the help of internet network.
There are many types of network
- PAN- PAN Stand for personal are a network. PAN is a computer, organized around on individual person with a single building. This could be inside a small office.
- LAN – LAN stand for Local Area Network LAN consists of a computer network at a single site typically an individual office building. A LAN is very useful for sharing resources such or data storage and printer.
- MAN – MAN stand for metropolitan area network MAN consider of a computer network across an entire city college campus. A MAN is a larger than a LAN which is typically limited to a connect several LANs together to from a bigger network when this types of network is specially designed for a college campus.
- WAN – A wide area network occupies, very large area network such as LANS, MANS. The Internet is the best know example of a public WAN.
13. Memory
All the storage device is called memory.
Example- ZDD, FDD, HDD, PEN DRIVE, DVD, CDD, and MEMORY RAM, ROM ETC.
There are two types of memory
a. Primary memory
b. Secondary memory
a. Primary memory :-
In this types of memory data will be permanently store if power cut data will be lost.
Example – RAM, ROM.
b. Secondary memory :-
Types of memory contain data will be not lost.
Example – HDD, ZDD, DVD, CDD, PANDRIVE, MEMORY CARD.
14. UNITS
Memory units is the amount of data that can be stored in this storage unit. This storage capacity is express in term of bytes.
1 BIT = 1 Binary digit single 1 or 0
1 Nibble = 4 Bits
1 Bite/Octel = 8 Bits
8 Byte = 1 KB (Kilo byte)
1024 KB = 1 MB (Mega Byte)
1024 MB = 1 GB (Giga Byte)
1024 GB = 1 TB (Tetra Byte)
1024 TB = 1 PB (Petra Byte)
1024 PB = 1 EB (Exa Byte)
1024 EB = 1 ZB (Zetta Byte)
1024 ZB = 1 YB (Yetta Byte)
15. DATA
Data is raw material. It can be any character including text and number picture sound or video within a computers storages. DATA is a collection of number represented as bytes that are in term composed of bytes (Binary Digits) that can the value one or Zero data is processed by the CPU which uses logical operations to products new data from source data.